Cassava: Manihot esculenta

Cassava (Manihot esculenta), also known as yuca or manioc, is a tropical root crop with several notable characteristics. Here are the primary characteristics of cassava: Botanical Characteristics 1. Roots Appearance: Cassava roots are tuberous, elongated, and cylindrical with a rough, brown outer skin. The flesh inside can be white, yellow, or pinkish. Size: Roots can grow up to 3 feet long and weigh several pounds. Storage: Cassava roots are rich in starch and have a high carbohydrate content but are low in protein and fat. 2. Stems Structure: Cassava plants have woody stems that can grow up to 2-4 meters (6-13 feet) tall. Propagation: Cassava is commonly propagated using stem cuttings rather than seeds. 3. Leaves Shape: The leaves are palmate (hand-shaped) with 5-9 lobes, resembling fingers spread out from a central point. Color: Leaves are typically green, though some varieties may have reddish veins. 4. Flowers Type: Cassava plants produce small, inconspicuous flowers that are typically white or yellow. Arrangement: Flowers are borne in clusters at the tips of the branches. Agronomic Characteristics 1. Climate and Soil Requirements Climate: Cassava thrives in tropical and subtropical climates with temperatures between 25-29°C (77-84°F). It is drought-tolerant and can survive in low-rainfall areas. Soil: It prefers well-drained, loamy soils with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. It can tolerate poor soils but performs best in fertile soils. 2. Growth Cycle Duration: Cassava typically takes 8-18 months to reach maturity, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Seasonality: It is often planted at the beginning of the rainy season to ensure adequate moisture during early growth. 3. Nutrient Requirements Fertilization: Cassava requires balanced fertilization, particularly during the early growth stages. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential nutrients. Learn More ...